Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum) 

General Information

Sweet Basil essential oil is a warming oil known for its ability to clear the mind while offering potent antispasmodic properties. Its fresh and spicy aroma is both stimulating and uplifting.

Basil Chemotypes:

Linalool, Estragole, Eugenol, Methyl Chavicol, Methyl Eugenol, Methyl Cinnamate.

Country of Origin:

Native to tropical Asia and Africa, Sweet Basil is now cultivated in France, Italy, Bulgaria, Egypt, Australia, South Africa, and the Americas.

Historical Background:

The derivation of the name “Basil” is uncertain. Some believe it originates from the Greek basileus, meaning “king,” as its scent was considered fit for royalty. Others suggest its royal association stems from historical use in regal ointments and medicines.

Smelling Break

Take a moment to smell Sweet Basil essential oil. Reflect on your sensory experience and record your observations:

• What emotions or memories does the aroma evoke?

• Which part of your body does the scent seem to resonate with?

• Consider the Doctrine of Signatures: How does this oil connect to its origins?

Botanical & Chemical Profile

• Extraction Method: Steam Distilled

• Plant Parts Used: Leaves and Flowering Tops

• Botanical Family: Lamiaceae (Labiatae)

• Botanical Name: Ocimum basilicum L.

• Chemotype: Linalool

• Main Constituents: Linalool, Linalyl Acetate

• Aroma: Spicy, Sweet, Fresh, Green

• Note: Middle

• Color: Pale Yellow to Colorless

• Consistency: Light

Therapeutic Properties

• General: Analgesic, Antibacterial, Antidepressant, Antifungal, Antiemetic, Antiseptic, Antispasmodic, Antiviral, Carminative, Cephalic, Digestive, Emmenagogue, Expectorant, Febrifuge, Immune Support, Nervine, Sudorific.

• Digestive System: Aids digestion, helps with nausea and spasms.

• Mental/Emotional: Warming and uplifting, alleviates mental exhaustion.

• Musculoskeletal System: Relieves muscular pain, cramps, and spasms.

• Respiratory System: Eases sinus congestion, coughing, and bronchitis.

• Reproductive System: Supports menstrual health by reducing cramps.

• Skin: Can be used in low dilutions for skincare formulations.

Main Constituents & Their Actions

• Linalool (40%-46%) – Monoterpene Alcohol; calming and antimicrobial.

• trans-β-Ocimene (0.51%) – Monoterpene; anti-inflammatory.

• trans-α-Bergamotene (6.39%) – Sesquiterpene; soothing for the skin.

• 1,8-Cineole (11%) – Oxide; supports respiratory health.

• Cadinol (2.55%) – Sesquiterpene Alcohol; grounding properties.

• Eugenol (13%) – Phenylpropanoid; powerful antimicrobial and warming effect.

Safety Information

• Not recommended during pregnancy.

• Avoid use on children under 5 years old.

• Should not be used by individuals with a history of estrogen-dependent cancer.

• Not suitable for use in baths.

• Avoid undiluted application to the skin.

• Keep away from mucous membranes, as it may cause sensitivity.

• The linalool chemotype of Basil is considered safe with a low risk of skin sensitization. A dermal maximum dilution of 1.5% is recommended due to its eugenol content (33.7%).

(Reference: Tisserand & Young, Essential Oil Safety, 2nd Edition)

Storage Information

• Store in a cool, dry place.

• Shelf life: approximately 4-5 years.

• Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated space.

• Protect from heat, direct light, oxidizing agents, and open flames.

References

1. Grieve, M. (1996). A Modern Herbal. Kent, UK: Barnes & Noble.

2. Battaglia, S. (2018). The Complete Guide to Aromatherapy (3rd ed.). Black Pepper Creative Pty Ltd.

3. Arctander, S. (1994). Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origins. Allured Publications.

4. NAHA: General Safety Guidelines

5. Tisserand, R., & Young, R. (2014). Essential Oil Safety (2nd ed.). Elsevier Book